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From raw cardboard traded between collectors to sealed slabs worth thousands of dollars, sports card grading has completely changed the hobby.
Grading did not always exist. It was created to help collectors protect cards, agree on condition, and build trust. Over time, grading became one of the most important parts of sports card collecting.
Here is a simple timeline showing how sports card grading started, how it grew, and where it stands today.
Before the 1980s: No Grading, Just Opinions
Before grading companies:
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Cards were sold raw, without holders
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Condition was based on the seller’s opinion
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Buyers and sellers often disagreed about quality
As cards became more valuable, collectors wanted a neutral third party to help judge condition and protect cards.
1984: The First Major Attempt at Card Grading (ASA)
One of the earliest well-known grading companies was Accugrade Sportscard Authentication (ASA), founded in 1984 by Alan Hager.
ASA introduced an important idea:
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Cards could be graded by a third party
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Cards could be sealed in protective holders
While ASA was controversial and did not become the hobby standard, it helped prove that third-party grading could exist.
1991: PSA Is Founded and Modern Grading Begins
Professional Sports Authenticator (PSA) was founded in 1991.
PSA helped shape modern grading by introducing:
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A clear 1 to 10 grading scale
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Tamper-resistant plastic holders
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A consistent grading process
This moment is often seen as the true start of modern sports card grading.
1998: SGC Enters the Market
Sportscard Guaranty Corporation (SGC) was founded in 1998 as grading continued to grow.
SGC became known for:
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A strong focus on vintage cards
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Its black insert holder design
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High trust among collectors of older cards
By the late 1990s, grading was becoming more common across the hobby.
1999: Beckett Grading Services Launches
Beckett had already built a strong reputation through its price guides. In 1999, Beckett Grading Services (BGS) officially entered the grading space.
BGS stood out by offering:
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Subgrades for corners, edges, surface, and centering
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A more detailed look at card condition
This appealed to collectors who wanted more information than a single overall grade.
2001: Beckett Adds Beckett Vintage Grading (BVG)
In 2001, Beckett introduced Beckett Vintage Grading (BVG), focused on older cards.
Vintage cards often have different wear and printing standards, so this gave collectors a grading option designed specifically for older material.
2000s–2010s: Grading Becomes Part of the Hobby
As online selling grew, grading became more important. Collectors wanted confidence when buying cards they could not see in person.
During this period:
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PSA became the most popular grader for many collectors
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SGC remained strong with vintage cards
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Beckett was known for subgrades and thick card grading
Grading was now a normal step for valuable cards.
2020–2021: The Hobby Boom Changes Everything
During the pandemic-era hobby boom:
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Millions of cards were submitted for grading
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Turnaround times became very long
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Grading demand reached record levels
This boom changed the grading industry and brought more attention, money, and competition into the space.
2021: New Ownership Takes Over PSA’s Parent Company
In 2021, an investor group led by Nat Turner acquired Collectors Universe, the company associated with PSA.
This marked a shift toward larger business involvement in grading and signaled that grading had become a major industry.
2021–2023: CSG Launches and Becomes CGC Cards
In 2021, CSG launched as a grading company for sports cards.
In 2023, CSG combined with CGC Trading Cards and rebranded as CGC Cards, creating a larger grading option that competes in both sports cards and trading card games.
2024: Collectors Acquires SGC
In February 2024, Collectors announced it had acquired SGC.
The message at the time was that SGC would continue operating as its own brand. Over time, collectors noticed SGC grading fewer cards, leading to discussions about its role as a more niche grading option.
2025: Collectors Announces a Deal to Buy Beckett
In December 2025, Collectors announced an agreement to acquire Beckett.
This was a major moment in grading history, as it placed multiple well-known grading brands under one parent company. It also raised questions about competition, independence, and the future of grading choices.
Where We Are Today
Today’s grading landscape includes:
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PSA, the most widely recognized grading company
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Beckett, known for subgrades and long hobby history
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SGC, respected especially for vintage cards
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CGC Cards, a growing competitor across multiple card types
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Smaller grading companies serving budget and niche collectors
Collectors now pay closer attention to ownership, grading volume, and long-term changes.
Why This Timeline Matters
Sports card grading started as a way to solve trust problems. Today, it helps shape:
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card values
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buying and selling confidence
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collector preferences
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the structure of the hobby itself
Understanding the history of grading helps collectors make smarter decisions as the hobby continues to change.